The White Stones of Arequipa

Arequipa, a city in southern Peru, is known for its striking colonial architecture, impressive volcanoes, and beautiful natural landscapes. However, one of the most famous things that are associated with Arequipa is its white building stones.

The white building stones of Arequipa are a type of volcanic rock called sillar. Sillar is a soft, light-colored stone that is found in the region surrounding the city. It is formed from the ash and lava of the local volcanoes, which were active in the area millions of years ago. Sillar has been used for centuries in the construction of buildings in Arequipa and other parts of southern Peru.

The use of sillar as a building material has had a significant impact on the architecture of the region. The softness of the stone allows it to be carved and shaped easily, which has led to the creation of intricate details and ornamentation on many buildings. The whiteness of the stone also gives buildings a distinctive look and helps to reflect the intense sunlight of the region, making them more comfortable to inhabit.

The use of sillar in building construction began in the early colonial period, in the 16th century, when the Spanish began to build churches, monasteries, and other buildings in the region. The stone quickly became popular for its aesthetic qualities and the ease with which it could be worked. Over time, the use of sillar spread to other types of buildings, including houses, public buildings, and even bridges.

One of the most famous examples of sillar construction in Arequipa is the Monastery of Santa Catalina, which was built in the 16th century. The monastery is a sprawling complex of buildings, courtyards, and gardens, all constructed from sillar. The use of the stone allowed the builders to create intricate facades and ornamentation, giving the monastery a distinctive and beautiful appearance.

Another notable example of sillar construction is the Church of the Society of Jesus, which was built in the 17th century. The church features a stunning facade that is decorated with intricate carvings and reliefs, all made from sillar. The church is considered one of the most beautiful examples of colonial architecture in the city.

Today, sillar is still widely used in the construction of buildings in Arequipa and other parts of southern Peru. While modern building materials, such as concrete and steel, are also used, sillar remains an important part of the region's architectural heritage. The continued use of sillar is a testament to its durability, versatility, and aesthetic appeal.

In conclusion, the white building stones of Arequipa, Peru, are a unique and important part of the region's architectural heritage. The use of sillar has had a significant impact on the design and construction of buildings in the area, allowing for intricate ornamentation and a distinctive appearance. The continued use of sillar in building construction is a testament to its enduring appeal and the skill of the craftsmen who work with it.

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